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ISSN 1938-4122
Announcements
DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly
2023 17.1
Articles
More than
Distant Viewing: Qualitative Views on Machine Learning as an Automated
Analysis Method in Networked Climate Image Communication
Paul Heinicker, University of Potsdam; Janna Kienbaum, University of Potsdam; Birgit Schneider, University of Potsdam
Abstract
[en]
Machine learning algorithms are increasingly used within the digital
humanities as heuristic methods in image analysis. Automated image
recognition methods and the sorting of image similarities provide access to
large image inventories, which are made accessible to a human eye primarily
via visual distance methods. In this context, the visualisations as an
interactive interface represent only one 'end product' of a dense series of
both qualitative and quantitative methodological decisions within a
research design. Especially these decision-making processes are the crucial
points within DH research, since with them the boundaries of
qualitative-image-scientific and quantitative-algorithmic approaches become
perceptible. This article addresses the process of a semi-automated
analysis procedure of large image data sets using Google Images on climate
change as an example. It results from a case study on cross-cultural
climate image comparison by the mixed-methods research team anci.
https://anci.fh-potsdam.de/ With the help of t-SNE
as a machine learning method for dimensionality reduction and the k-means
clustering method, the methodological process from data visualisation to
visualization is made critically and reflectively transparent. The term
pipeline serves as a metaphor for the methodological process.
Whitman Tracked Between Editions, Rossetti as a Complex Subversive, and the
Collective Sense of Authorship: A Mixed Methods Accounting of a Hyperlinked
“Calamus”
David Thomson, Independent Scholar
Abstract
[en]
I examine the influence of one literary text upon another by the open-source
programming methodology of information science. In particular, I look at
how the “Calamus” sequence as rendered in the 1867 Leaves of Grass may be understood to be
topically present, although most of the sequence was removed and regrouped
by William Michael Rossetti toward publishing the first British Whitman
edition in the 1868 Poems by Walt Whitman. I
further demonstrate the complement of theory testing as I examine the
laudatory and cautionary nature of the “Calamus” poems. Those
celebrations and reservations about loving out of bounds may at once apply
either to the radical inclusivity of a new republic or in same-sex love.
While the utility of that laud-caution categorization remains tenuous,
looking at both the limitations and strengths of the approach demonstrate
the utility of employing a non-linear, even hypertextual sensibility
readily available to readers who wish to encounter the social cognitive
terrain of a literary work. On that terrain, I argue, readers can better
understand a mind produced in time and responding to its time.
Radically Accessible Shakespeare: Cripping the
Digital Shakespeare Canon through Universal Design and Disability Studies
Christine M. Gottlieb, Cal State East Bay
Abstract
[en]
The internet has vastly expanded access to Shakespeare resources, as well as the
range of materials included in the Shakespeare canon. Online Shakespeare resources
often focus on making Shakespeare more accessible to educators, students, and general
audiences. Accessibility for people with disabilities, however, is not often
mentioned. This article argues for making Shakespeare resources radically accessible
and inclusive by incorporating both Universal Design approaches and Disability
Studies perspectives. This dual approach emphasizes the importance of accessible
technologies and the necessity of incorporating Disability Studies theories and
methods, including contributions of Deaf and disabled artists and scholars and
critical analyses of cultural representations of disability. While the
overrepresentation of Shakespeare in digital space is problematic, the massive scope
of Shakespeare’s online presence provides opportunities for radically transforming,
or cripping, the digital canon. Cripping the digital Shakespeare canon involves
centering accessibility, incorporating anti-ableist content, and promoting new
methods of engaging with Shakespeare and digital spaces. Due to Shakespeare’s
outsized presence, cripping the digital Shakespeare canon provides a significant
avenue for advancing the accessibility and inclusivity of digital resources
generally.
Tiresias: A Novel Approach for Mining Book
Indices
Moshe Blidstein, University of Haifa; Daphne Raban, University of Haifa
Abstract
[en]
Tiresias (https://tiresias.haifa.ac.il/) is a free database designed and
constructed as an efficient tool to access and understand ancient texts for
research purposes. It uniquely associates end-of-book subject indices with the
index locorum. Based on indices of about 460 scholarly books in fields such as
history, religion, biblical studies and more, Tiresias is multilingual, contains
about 140,000 subject tags and about 16.4 million references to ancient primary
sources, including non-digitized sources. It is especially helpful for
comparative research between areas, cultures or languages, or for scholars
working on long-term trends, who are therefore less familiar with sources which
are not in their area of specialization. The paper describes three usage
scenarios employing this newly available resource as an integral part of
historical research and study. Tiresias provides inspiration for the
construction of other databases making use of multiple book indices in various
areas of the humanities and social sciences.
“The Page Is an Image Again:” Bleedmapping as an Analysis Technique for Historical Newspapers
Quintus van Galen, University of Amsterdam
Abstract
[en]
Analysis of historical periodicals through digital tools is still a predominantly text-based field. This paper seeks to expand the toolbox of researchers of these sources, and addresses the observed capability gap, by proposing a new technique for the discovery of appearance patterns in historical newspaper collections. It calls this technique Bleedmapping after the effect it produces, making it seem as if a multitude of pages have “bled through” each other and showing the greatest concentration of articles matching a chosen search parameter visually in an intuitive and easy to interpret manner. This approach greatly extends the toolbox of scholars by providing them a method to explore the metatextual and spatial context of the texts they study. Using a case study on Reynolds' Newspaper this article shows the value of Bleedmapping when used alongside a text-based LDA analysis, showing the prevalence of the British Empire in the paper's “Notices to Correspondents”.
The case of the golden background, a virtual
restoration and a physical reconstruction of the medieval Crucifixion of the Lindau
Master (c. 1425)
Liselore Tissen, Leiden University and Delft University of Technology; Sanne Frequin, Utrecht University; Ruben Wiersma, Delft University of Technology
Abstract
[en]
Cleaning and provisional restoration treatments on The
Crucifixion (1425) revealed that the visible azurite layer obscures an
originally golden background. This leads to the question of whether or not the
azurite should be removed as it is not original, or should be kept as part of the
panel’s history. To overcome this dilemma, this paper presents a methodological
solution of approaching this problem by combining the knowledge of art historians,
restorers and by integrating modern 3D technologies before, during, and after the
restoration. By creating a modifiable digital model, a virtual restoration can
potentially attribute to analyzing and visualizing optical changes due to restoration
treatments. Additionally, multiple 3D-printed facsimiles physicalize these
adaptations. A facsimile’s value is demonstrated by analyzing the diversity of
meanings an artwork can have in terms of authenticity whilst respecting the artwork's
material and social integrity. The 3D prints be decisive in the restoration of the
panel.
A Keyword
Analysis of “Climate Change” in Contemporary
Literary Studies, 2000-2022
Matt Morgenstern, Purdue University
Reviews
The History of Digital History: A Review of Crymble (2021)
Helen B. Kampmann Marodin, University of South Carolina
Abstract
[en]
In Technology and the Historian, Adam Crymble proposes a history of digital history, arguing that understanding the origins and rationale behind the discipline’s development is necessary to lead conversations about its future.
Author Biographies
URL: http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/preview/index.html
Comments: dhqinfo@digitalhumanities.org
Published by: The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations and The Association for Computers and the Humanities
Affiliated with: Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
DHQ has been made possible in part by the National Endowment for the Humanities.
Copyright © 2005 -
Unless otherwise noted, the DHQ web site and all DHQ published content are published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Individual articles may carry a more permissive license, as described in the footer for the individual article, and in the article’s metadata.
Comments: dhqinfo@digitalhumanities.org
Published by: The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations and The Association for Computers and the Humanities
Affiliated with: Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
DHQ has been made possible in part by the National Endowment for the Humanities.
Copyright © 2005 -
Unless otherwise noted, the DHQ web site and all DHQ published content are published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Individual articles may carry a more permissive license, as described in the footer for the individual article, and in the article’s metadata.
